This is how I think they work, so let me know if I'm on the right track:
The number boxes are placed in order, packed together. The boxes are scaled so that the height fills the y-axis of the UV space. This leaves the total width of the numbers to change depending on the shape of the number boxes. The combined number boxes are centered in the UV map. If the total width of the numbers exceeds the x-axis of the UV space, then the numbers are switched to numbers-condensed. If the total width of the numbers-condensed exceeds the x-axis of the UV space, then the numbers will be clipped.
If none of that made sense, then hopefully this picture does:

In retrospect... this would have been easy to test out in blender. I'll post it none-the-less
